Printing-press.



No. 7|2,o99. v Patented oct. 2a, |902.

m. L'. slivlsmf. l

PRINTING PRESS.. (Application med Apr. so, 1990.) v

(No Model.)

Patented' oct. 2a, |902;

No. 7I2,099.

M. L. sEvEnY. PRINTING PRESS- (Application filed Apr. 30, 1900.)

3 Sheets-Sheei .2.`

(No Model.)

IlI!!!Il!I!lIIlllIllllllllllllllllllllillll MIA/vial'. Slavery; by

Nu. 712,099. 'Patented Oct. 2a, lm02.

(un Modem' a sheets-sheet 3.

Wfnesses; l "l: 'I friunln",

y MMM-.Sewery-by UNITED STATES PATENT CFFIcE.

MELVIN L. SEVERY, OF ARLINGTON HEIGHTS, MASSACHUSETTS.

PRINTING-PRESS.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of LettersPatent No. 712,099, dated October28, 1902.

Application filed April 30, 1900.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, MELVIN L. SEVERY, a citizen of the United States,residing at Arlington Heights, in the county of Middlesex and State ofMassachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Printing-Presses, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The theoretically most perfect blanket for a printing-press consists ofa diaphragm elastically and equally pressed upon every part of theprinting-surface, While the most perfect means for applying anelastic'and equal pressure to such diaphragm consists of {luidpressure.In adapting Huid-pressure for a cylindrical impression member I havefound that the intermediate portion of such cylinders tread upon theform is held down to its work with far less force than near the ends.This is owing to the fact that although the flexible diaphragm retainsits circular lines under the inuence of the strong duid-pressure within,yet there is nothing to prevent the axial line of the cylinder frombowing away from the form. To overcome this axial orbodily bowing of thecylindricaldiaphragm, I apply one or more rigid cylinders opposite thetread of theimpression member,and henceovercome any tendency todistortion of the same other than from cylindrical to sectionallyelliptical. I have, furthermore, discovered that a series of elasticrings positioned in such a manner as to form, in effect, a cylindricalimpression-surface, when similarly held down to their work by rigidrotating members, produce a close approximation to the effect of myfluid-pressure cylindrical diaphragm, the essential idea being to holddown to theirwork along lines opposi te thereto a Series of annularelements adapted to resiliently persist in their circular contour.

Referring to the drawings forming part of this specification, Figure 1is a transverse sectional elevation of my cylindrical fiuid pressureimpression member and its confining-rolls. Fig. 2 is a longitudinalsection of the same. v Fig. 3 is a face or peripheral View of a part ofthe cylindrical impression member. Figs. 4 and 5 are perspective viewsof two means for giving a hard printing-surface to said member. Fig. 6is a diagram illustrative of the cushioning eect. Fig. 7 is a Serial No.14,926. (No model.)

transverse section of my impression member composed of a large helicalcoil. Fig. 8 is a similar view of the impression member composed of aseries of annuli. Fig. 9 is a longitudinal section of the constructionillustrated in Fig. 7. Fig. 10 is a longitudinal section of theconstruction illustrated in Fig. 8. Fig. 11 is a longitudinal section ofa different modiiication still. Fig. 12 is a transverse section showinganother form of the fluid-pressure surface, and Fig. 13 is another viewof the same.

In the construction illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 the diaphragm lissecured at its edges to the ianges 11 of the cylinder 10, thus formingan annular space for the reception of the iiuid under pressure. Such uidis forced into said annular space through the channels 13 from the tube14, and it may be compressed air or similar gas or a heavy liquid, aswater or mercury, freely resting in the said space and tube 14, thelatter being of a sufficient height to insure the required pressureagainst the diaphragm 1. The confining-rolls 20, contacting with thecylindrical impression-surface substantially opposite to its tread, maybe two in number, as Aindicated in Fig. 1, or asingle one directlyopposite, as in Fig. 2, or two above and one at each side, as in Fig. 8.

To prevent perforation and wear on the dia phragm 1 and also to improvethe action thereof, I wind the diaphragm withwire 2, which may berectangular in section, as-in Fig. 4,' or circular, as in Fig. 5. Thelatter is preferable, as being unable to lean, and

Ithereby present an edge to the printing-surface.

The manner in which the wire 2 improves the'action of the diaphragm isshown in Fig. 6, where the upward-pointing arrows indicate theduid-pressure within the cylinder and the single arrow theprinting-'pressure upon the cylinders tread, in this case the formFbeing supposed to be above instead of below,as in the other figures. Asillustrated, the single arrow is resisted by the plurality of arrowsinstead of by a single arrow on account of the slight flexibility of thewire 2 as compared with the diaphragm 1. Hence the pressure within thediaphragm can be much less intense than would be required were there nosuch wires. The necessity for the 4said diaphragms being ICO quiteiiexible arises from my Wish to have the different wires 2 relativelyindependent in their yield to the printing-surface, and thus insuringsufficient pressure at every point.

As shown in Figs. 7 and 9, I may form my impression-cylinder from asingle coil of comparatively stiff but resilient Wire 3, which is quitenarrow compared with its depth, as in Fig. 9. The construction shown inFig. 8 is somewhat similar, the only difference being that the Wires arenot continuous but separate rings 3.

In Fig. 1l is illustrated another modification, in which theimpression-surface consists of a resilient drum 3, Which may be slitinto partially separate elements, as at 3C; but it is supposed to besupplied with one or more confining-rolls, asin the constructionspreviously described.

In each of the constructions illustrated it will be noted that theimpression-surface is constituted bya continuous hard slightly resilientelement so Wound as to present a continuous or smooth surface, while theseveral forms of cushion therefor comprise the fluidpressure shown inFigs. 1 and 2, a rubber cushion 10, (illustrated in Fig. 3,) and theinherent resilience of the elements themselves in the construction shownin Figs. 7 and 9 and also in the right-hand part of Fig. 11.

In the fluid-pressure constructions and those given in Figs. 7 to 11 itshould be observed that each annular portion or section thereof is soformed as to persist elastically in its circular contour, the means forresisting the recession bodily of each of said sections comprising therolls 2O or other suitable means. Hence the only means whereby the treadof these impression-surfaces upon the printingsurface F can yield toaccommodate the inequalities of the latter is by each annular sectionreceiving a slightlyelliptical contour.

In the construction shown in Fig. 12 the bowing of the Huid-pressuresupport is largely prevented by dividing the same into a plurality ofseparate sections. Hence when pressure is applied to one section thecompressed air or other fluid cannot be forced therefrom to the others,but is mainly confined thereto, and so cannot distort or bow thecylindrical surface as a Whole. These separate sections are formed bythe four bags 10b, arranged about the cylindrical support 10 and adaptedto be filled with the fluid under pressure through the channel 13,suitable valves being provided for closing the juncture of said channelsbranches with the bags. The surfaces of these bags are covered by thenarrow hard slightly-resilient element 2, Wound about the same, asindicated in Fig. 13, said elements being shown as sinuous laterallyinFig. 12, but as plain in Fig. 13.

The arrangement of separate fluid-pressure bags set forth in Figs. 12and 13 is more fully disclosed and claimed in my companion application,designated as Case Gr.

What I claim as my invention,and for which I desire Letters Patent, isas follows, to wit:

1. A cylindrical impression-surface each annular portion of whichresiliently persists in its circular contour, in combination with anunyielding surface contacting with the same at points substantiallyopposite to the tread thereof, whereby the only yield possible to saidcylindrical impression-surface is one of distortion from a circular toan elliptical cross-section, substantially as described.

2. A cylindrical impression-surface each annular portion of Whichresiliently persists in its circular contour, in combination with one ormore unyielding rolls contacting with the same to oppose pressureapplied to its tread, substantially as described.

3. In a printing-press, the combination with a cylindrical diaphragmsuitably supported, of closely-disposed hard elements covering saiddiaphragm, and means for applying a {luid-pressure Within the same,substantially as described.

4. In a printing-press, the combination of a cylindrical diaphragmsuitably supported, means for applyinga iuid-pressu re within the same,and a confining-roll contacting With said diaphragm substantiallyopposite to its tread, substantially as described.

5. In aprinting-press, the combination of a cylindrical diaphragmsuitably supported, means forapplying a fluid-pressure Within the same,and a continuous, hard, slightly-resilient element so Wound on saiddiaphragm as to presentacontinuous surface, substantially as described.

6. In a printing-press, the combination of a cylindrical diaphragmsuitably supported, means for applying a fluid-pressure within the same,and metallic wires Wound about said diaphragm and forming a continuoussurface, substantially as described.

'7. An impression member constituted by a suitable support and acontinuous, hard, slightly-resilient, elongated element circular incross-section and wound to present a continuous surface, substantiallyas described.

8. An impression member constituted by a cushion-support and round Wiresecured upon said support to present a continuous surface, substantiallyas described.

r 9. An impression member constituted by a cylindrical diaphragmsuitably supported and cushioned by Huid-pressure, and round wireclosely Wound about the same, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing invention I have hereunto set myhand this 24th day of April, 1900.

MELVIN L. SEVERY.

Witnesses:

LEON M. ABBOTT, A. B. UPI-IAM.

IOC

